【中文摘要】从休谟对传统科学方法论和认识论的怀疑态度及反形而上学,到后来的马赫的彻底的经验主义,开始了对传统的归纳主义的科学哲学的批判,继而兴起了逻辑经验主义,把主要任务转向了语言分析,试图建立的“统一的科学语言”,这种“统一语言”认同来自于约定。因而,经验主义的认识论基础来自于感觉,逻辑经验主义的认识论基础也来自于主观。波普尔提出了证伪主义方法论,以“可以经验证伪”和“无法经验证伪”作为科学与非科学分界的标准,通过对归纳问题的分析,建立了科学理论只能证伪、不能证实的证伪主义方法论的原则,为以后的科学历史主义奠定了基础,范式理论和科学研究纲领方法论以各自的方法论为依托,实现了对科学史的重建,然而,在精致波普尔的证伪主义之余,又都陷入了相对主义。因而,就波普尔的、动态进化的证伪主义作为两种研究方向的联结点,对波普尔的证伪主义原则作深入研究,仍有可挖掘之处。');
【Abstract】Popperraisedcriticalrationalismagainstlogicalempiricism.Standardsontheoriesofscienceweretransferredfromprincipletofalsificationism.Therefore,theriseofmethodologyofwasthepredecessorofcriticalrationalism.Falsificationismprovidedmethodologicalfoundationforlaterhistoricism.Itisevidentlyconfirmedthatpopper’smethodologyoffalsificationismlinksbetweenlogicalempiricismandhistoricismofscience.eventhoughbothdefaults,itispreferredtothinkthemethodologyoffalsificationismasemphasisonlinksofboth.Thearticleiscomposedofbythreeparts:PartoneBackgroundsabouttheriseofthemethodologyoffalsificationism.Parttwointerpretationofthemethodologyoffalsificationism.Partthreedevelopmentandprophecyofthemethodologyoffalsificationism.PartoneMachcriticizedinductionisminwhichmetaphysicswasinvolvedandsuggestedentireempiricismwhiletheviewpointsoferadicationstructureandfunctioniscritical.Wittgensteinassimilatedsubstanceofempiricismandprovidedverifiabilityprincipleagainstmetaphysics.However,itisinevitablethatlogicalempiricismcharacterizedmethodologicalconventionalism,Poppercriticizedinductionismandmethodologicalconventionalism,relyingonhismethodologyoffalsificationism.ParttwoPopperbuiltthesystemofmethodologyoffalsificationismupandtheepistemologicalfoundationofthismethodologyderivedfromanti-inductionthen,principlesoffalsificationandofverisimilitudewerepresentedasstandardsofevaluationofscience.PartthreePopper’smethodologyoffalsificationismcharacterizedthenewontologyofscience,theevolutionarymodelofdevelopmentsofscienceepistemologicalfoundationofhistoricism,kuhn’sparadigm,themethodologyofthescienceresearch,themethodologyofanarchismanddomainofinformationoriginatedfromPopper’smethodology,Undoubtedly,essentialstuffsofthemethodologyoffalsificationismarestillworthtobeexploited.
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