『中文摘要』背景随着社会的进步及医学的发展,我国的护理人员队伍在不断壮大,护理人员的受教育水平也在不断提高,护理工作的内容变得更加专业和具体。但是,护理人力资源使用不当却是护理管理中普遍存在的问题。其中,护理教育发展与护理人员使用之间的矛盾,以及护理教育的发展与临床护理实践发展不相匹配的矛盾日益受到关注。按照护士不同层次的能力给予不同的工作内容和按照病人的护理需要培养护士是护理专业发展的两个重要的方面。我国高等护理教育的发展和临床护理实践功能的不断扩张为设立护理人员的分层分级管理制度奠定了基础。目的提出护理人员分层分级框架;界定各级护理人员的准入标准、能力标准及相应工作内容、考核标准和收入标准。方法采用Delphi法,以常识及实践经验、逻辑、严格的准入标准选择来自上海市的专家共50位,按照Delphi法的统计学标准进行三轮问卷函询。结果三轮问卷轮回的专家应答率分别为94、100和94。四个标准的专家权威系数分别为0.7872、0.7979、0.7872和0.7106,提示专家的关心程度高且结果的可靠性好。第二轮问卷轮回中能力标准各条目得分的均数为9.3106±0.4152,变异系数为0.1112±0.0411;工作内容各条目得分均数为9.0631±0.5232,变异系数为0.1423±0.0535。第三轮问卷轮回中能力标准各条目得分均数为9.4845±0.3717,变异系数为0.0502±0.0149;工作内容各条目得分均数为9.2784±0.4465,变异系数为0.0551±0.0158,显示专家对条目的认可度高,也显示专家的意见相对集中,且专家的意见有趋势性一致。结论本研究理论上确立了上海市护理人员分层分级的框架和内容,包括各级护理人员的准入标准、能力标准和工作内容标准、考核标准和收入标准
【Abstract】BackgroundWiththesocialandmedicaldevelopmentinChina,thenumberofnursehasincreased,thelevelofnursingeducationarealsoconstantlyimproving,andthecontentofnurses\'workhasbecomemorespecializedandspecific.However,theuseofhumanresourcesofnursesanditsmanagementstillhavetheroomforimprovement.Theconflictbetweentheuseofnursesandthedevelopmentofnursingeducation,andtheconflictbetweenthedevelopmentofnursingeducationanddevelopmentofclinicalnursingpracticehavebeenpaidmoreattention.Sincespecificationsofthenursesaredifferent,itshouldalsobedifferentinuseofnursesbyacorrespondingabilitytousehierarchical.Nursesshouldhavedifferenttasksbasedontheirdifferentlevelsofcapacity.Thetrainingofnursesshouldbeinaccordancewiththepatient\'scareneeds.Thesearetheimportantissuesinnursingprofessionaldevelopment.ObjectivesTodevelopaframeworkofnurses\'classificationsystemfornurses.Tosetupenteringcriteria,competencycriteriaandthecorrespondingwork,evaluationcriteriaandincomecriteriafornursesineachlevel.MethodsDelphitechniquewasused.Usingcommonsenseandpracticalexperience,logic,strictaccessstandards,50expertswerechoseninthestudy.Threeroundsquestionnaireprocesswereimplemented.RresultsTheresponseratesinthreeroundswere94,100and94,theauthorityfactorwasgreaterthan0.7.Theaveragescoreofcompetencycriteriainsecondroundwas9.3106±0.4152,thevariationcoefficientwas0.1112±0.0411;Theaveragescoreofcorrespondingworkinsecondroundwas9.0631±0.5232,thevariationcoefficientwas0.1423±0.0535.Theaveragescoreofcompetencycriteriainthirdroundwas9.4845±0.3717,thevariationcoefficientwas0.0502±0.0149,Theaveragescoreofcorrespondingworkinthirdroundwas9.2784±0.4465,thevariationcoefficientwas0.0551±0.0158.Theresultsindicatedthattheconcordantofthespecialists\'opinionswasgoodandtheresultsweredesirable.ConclusionTheframworkofclassificationfornurseshasbeenastablishedtheoretically.Theresultsobtainedfromthestudywillprovideevidencefordevelopmentofrelativepolicy.
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