【中文摘要】 研究背景和目的:ICU是救治病情危重或有潜在生命危险病人的主要场所,是现代尖端护理技术的集中体现单位,在提高危重病人的抢救成功率方面发挥着重要的作用。基于ICU的特殊性,要求每一名ICU护士,必须具备扎实的专业理论知识和娴熟的监护护理技能.目前临床上尚未明确ICU护士应掌握哪些护理技能项目,在各项护理技能的掌握内容和程度要求上,亦无深度及广度的界定。本研究旨在运用管理学的思想和方法,结合护理学科及ICU发展的需求,确立全面的ICU护理技能体系,为ICU护士的培训工作提供科学的依据。研究方法:本课题首先在进行大量文献回顾的基础上,应用典型调查法、问卷调查法,对现有ICU护士实施的护理技能项目进行调查和分析,提出了ICU护理技能体系的基本框架;应用专家咨询法,对ICU护士护理技能项目及项目内涵进行专业角度的确定。研究结果:①ICU护理技能具有涉及范围广泛、使用项目数量多、更新发展快速、技能标准要求高、使用频率差别大的特点,同时多种因素影响ICU护士护理技能项目的使用数量情况,其中患者的APACHEⅡ评分、监护天数、年龄、实施急诊手术、实施全身麻醉等5个因素,是影响ICU护理技能项目使用数量...更多的重要因素。②确立了包含11个维度、58项护理技能项目、261条项目内涵的ICU护士护理技能体系。研究结论:①该体系较好地反映了以临床实际现况为基础的ICU护理技能项目及其内涵:②该体系较全面地从深度与广度上对ICU护士护理技能项目及其内涵进行了确定:③该体系较好地体现了护理学科发展与护理实践的结合。 

【英文摘要】 Background and Objective:ICU not only is the main place of critical ill or have potential danger patients,but also is a centralize unit of moden and most advanced nursing technique.ICU plays an important role in improving the salvage rate of critical ill patients.Based on the particularity of ICU,every ICU nurse must grasp strong theortical knowledge and proficient monitor skills.At present,there is no standard amount of the items of ICU nursing skills,whereas no depth and extent demands of every skill.This research aimed to set up a system by using thoughts and methods of management,combining with nursing and ICU development demands in order to provide scientific foundation for the training of ICU nurse.Methods:Based on a great deal of reference reviewing,we investigated and analyzed the present condition of ICU nursing skills through "Typical Investigation Process" and "Questionnaires Process";By using "Delphi",we determined the items of ICU nursing skills and its connotation from th...e professional point.Results:①ICU nursing skill has the characteristics as follows:extensive scope; large amount;repid development;high standard demand;great difference use frequency.There are 5 importment factors influence the amount of ICU skill usage including APACHE II grade,monitor days,age,emergency surgery;general anesthesia;②Established the I CU n ursing skill system which contains 11 dimensionalities,58 items,261 connotation.Conclusion:①The system preferably reflect the clinic condition of ICU nursing skill items and its connotation.②The system roundly determain the ICU nursing skill items and its connotation from the depth and extent.③The system preferably stand out the combinition of nursing knowledge development and nursing practice. 

【中文关键词】 护理; ICU; 护理技能
【英文关键词】 nursing; ICU; nursing skill