【中文摘要】 里根是美国历届总统中备受争议的一位总统,尤其是里根政府时期美国所采取的外交政策,在美国国内及各国学术界存在着不同的观点。被誉为“冷战斗士”的里根在入主白宫后,在“重振国威”的口号下,逐步形成并确立了被称为“里根主义”的外交战略,大力加强美国的经济和军事力量,遏制苏联的扩张以夺取世界霸权。在这一时期的美苏争霸中,美国的外交战略优先重视第三世界的冲突,在第三世界向苏联发起了反击。针对这一时期第三世界的冲突,里根政府制定了一个总体战略——“低烈度战争”战略,这一战略也是“里根主义”的核心内容。本文选取里根政府时期制定的针对第三世界的“低烈度战争”战略为研究对象,通过对该战略在几个国家的实施状况的分析,米探讨该战略的形成、实施及这一战略的后果与影响。全文共分为前言、正文、结语三部分,正文部分包括第一章到第四章四个章节。第一部分是前言。前言部分论述了这一选题的意义与价值以及这一问题的国内外研究现状。正文共分为四个部分。第一章论述了“低烈度战争”战略形成的背景。里根执政初期,美国在美苏争霸中处于劣势,美国处于防守的态势,这严重刺激了“冷战斗士”里根。另外作为美国新保守派的典型代表,里根受到了新保守...更多主义思想的强烈影响,这些都对里根政府对外政策的制定与执行产生了重要影响,“低烈度战争”战略就是在此背景之下形成的。第二章论述了里根主义的提出以及作为其核心内容的“低烈度战争”战略的内涵与特点。第三章论述了“低烈度战争”战略在第三世界国家的实施,尤其是在诸如阿富汗这样的热点地区的长时期实施。由于篇幅有限,文中只选取了四个事例,即尼加拉瓜、格林纳达、利比亚及阿富汗。选择的依据主要是该战略在其实施过程中加以运用的主要方式,如直接军事入侵、支持叛乱者、反对恐怖主义等方式,同时也根据事件的影响度等。第四章对这一战略进行了评价。该战略到老布什政府时期逐步终止,它的实施产生了极其重要的影响,并引发了一系列的后果。这一战略对恢复美国在世界上相对于苏联的优势地位起了重要作用,并在一定程度上推动了苏联的变革,对于日后冷战的结束起了推动作用。第三部分是结束语。结语部分指出“低烈度战争”战略是美国遏制战略发展的新阶段,是对遏制战略的继承与发展,这一战略从本质上而言仍然是美国在世界各地寻求扩张,与苏联争夺世界霸权的战略。 

【英文摘要】 Reagan is a president who disputed in all previous American presidents, particularly the foreign policy US adopts during Reagan administration era, and there was different viewpoints about the foreign policy in the American and the various countries' academic circles. By the reputation "the cold war warrior", when he was in charge of the White House, Reagan gradually formed and established "the Reagan principle" strategy .The government strengthened US's economy and the military force vigorously, so as to contain Soviet Union's expansion to capture the world supremacy. Under, the cold war background, taking the strength as the basic point, US first valued the third world conflict in its global offensive strategy. In view of the third world conflict during this time, the Reagan administration formulated an overall strategy - - "the low intensity warfare" , which was also the core content of "the Reagan doctrine".This paper selects "the low intensity warfare" strategy as the object of st...udy, with the analysis of the implementation in several countries and discusses the formation|, implementation and the consequences and influences of this strategy.The full paper includes three parts, and the straight matter includes chapter 1 to chapter 4 .The first part is a foreword, in which discusses the essey's significance and the research on present circumetances.The text includes four parts. Chapter1 elaborates the source of "the low intensity warfare" strategy. In the initial period of the Reagan administration, US was in the inferiority between America and Soviet in striving for hegemony, and US was in defensive situation, which stimulated "the cold war warrior" Reagan seriously. Moreover, as the typical representative of the American neo-conservatism faction, Reagan has been infected intensely by the neo-conservatism and all these had important influence on the formulation and execution of the Reagan administration's foreign policy, and so the "low intensity warfare" strategy was formed under this background. Chapter 2 discusses the emergence of Reagan Doctrine and the content of "low intensity warfare " strategy. Chapter 3 deals with this strategy's implementation. "The low intensity warfare" strategy obtained the widespread implementation in the third world country, particularly in such as the hot spot area Afghan, in which this strategy obtained the long time implementation. Because of the space lacks, the article only selects four instances——Nicaragua, Grenada, Libya and Afghanistan. The basis of this choice is mainly the fundamental mode in which the strategy was performed in its implementation , such as the direct military intervention, supportting traitor, oppositing terrorism , and simultaneously also according to the influences of the events and so on. Chapter 4 elaborates the appraisal to this strategy. This strategy was not terminated until the George Bush Administration , but this strategy has had the extremely important influence, and has caused a series of consequences. This strategy played a vital role in restoring the US' superior position in the world towards Soviet Union', and what's more important is that the strategy impelled the Soviet Union's transformation to some extent during this time, and played a important role in the end of the cold war in the future.The third part is concluding remark. This part indicates that the "low intensity warfare" strategy is the new development stage of the containment strategy, and it is still a strategy of struggling for global hegemony in the essence. 

【中文关键词】 里根; 冷战; 低烈度战争
【英文关键词】 Reagan ; Cold War ; Low-intensity warfare