【中文摘要】 外交伦理既是外交理念的重要体现,也是外交实践的重要依据。中国在几千年的文明延续中形成了丰富而又独特的外交伦理。以儒家思想为主线的中国传统外交伦理不仅深刻影响着当代中国对外关系的价值形成和行为取向,而且影响着当代中国外交政策的制定和实施。中国传统外交伦理源于先秦时期,内涵丰富,是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。它既包括强不执弱的反霸观念、求同存异的统战观念,也包括重义轻利的国际主义关怀。这些伦理规范促进了中国当代外交理念的形成和发展。本文在对新中国成立到七十年代后期中国对非关系伦理因素形成的国际背景、中国对非关系的政治基础和发展进程进行一般考察的基础上,重点研究传统外交伦理对新中国这段时期(1955—1978)对非关系产生的影响。文章认为这一时期中国对非外交的理论和实践在以下三方面与传统外交伦理有紧密联系:首先,中国对非关系有着鲜明的反霸性质,新中国在成立初期就全力支持非洲国家的民族解放运动,反对一切帝国主义、霸权主义和侵略主义,努力争取和维护世界和平。第二,中国和非洲国家的友谊建立在道义的基础上,中国在发展与非洲国家关系的过程中坚持求同存异原则,是真正意义上的国际朋友。第三,中国从建国初期...更多开始就向非洲国家提供国际主义援助,中国的援助以双方平等的国家间关系为基础,并且始终坚守诚信。传统外交伦理在中国对非外交(1955—1978)开展中不仅有着积极的促进作用,同时也存在一定的不适应性。如新中国无私支持非洲国家反霸运动,促进了中非关系,提高了中国的国际声誉,而以意识形态划线,则在一定程度上缩小了外交空间;中国的国际主义对外援助赢得了非洲国家的普遍欢迎,但同时也存在着严重脱离国力实际的问题,不利于中国国内经济的发展。文章最后提出对传统外交伦理与中国对非外交的研究一方面对中国当代对外关系的开展有着重要启示,另一方面对国际关系伦理建设有着深刻借鉴。 

【英文摘要】 Diplomatic ethics is not only an important manifestation of a country’s diplomatic concept, but also an important basis for a country’s diplomatic practice.China has formed rich and unique diplomatic ethics in its thousands of years’civilization. Chinese traditional diplomatic ethics, taking Confucianism as its main line, has influenced the value formation and behaviour of China’s foreign relations and also, had an impact on the establishment and implementation of China’s foreign policy.Derived from pre-Qin period, Chinese traditional diplomatic ethics boast rich connotation,which include not only anti-hegemonism concept and the concept of creating united front, but also interationalism, say, emphasizing more on Yi than Li. Up to now, traditional diplomatic ethics,having been an indispensable part of Chinese traditional culture,have played an active part in the formation and development of China’s contemporary foreign diplomacy.The thesis,based on the general study of the international... background, political basis and developing process of Sino-African relations in the period from China’s foundation to the late 1970s, focuses on the impact of Chinese traditional diplomatic ethics on Sino-African relations. The thesis mantains that Sino-African relations has close ties with traditional dilpomatic ethics in the following three areas: First, with the nature of distinctively opposing hegemonism, China had, in an aim of safeguarding world peace, supported the national liberation movement of African countries, fighted against any acts of imperialism, hegemonism and aggression since its foundation. Second, the friendship between China and African countries was established on the basis of morality and justice. China persisted in the principle of seeking common ground while reserving differences, which can be taken as a true friend of African countries. Third, China provided internationalism-featured aid to African countries since its foundation, during which, China remained upholding equal relations and keeping its own words.The thesis reckons that besides the active impacts of Chinese traditional diplomatic ethics on sino-African relations(1955-1978), there are also some nagative ones. For example, China’s selfless support of African anti-hegemonism movement, while advancing Sino-African relations and China’s international prestige, had narrowed its own diplomatic flexibility for China’s drawed lines according to ideology in the process. What's more, China’s internationalism-featured aid to African countries, although was generally welcomed by African countries, was not conductive to China’s domestic economic development due to inconformity to its economic reality.In conclusion, the ethsis proposes that the study of Chinese traditional diplomatic ethics on Sino-African relations can, on the one side,bring inspiration to China’s contemporary foreign relations, on the other side, offer reference for the construction of international relations ethics. 

【中文关键词】 中国; 非洲; 传统伦理
【英文关键词】 China; African countries; Chinese traditional diplomatic ethics